![]() Other inventors improved on the battery's original design and these improvements produced telegraphs and doorbells. It was used by Michael Faraday in the 1800s in his experiments on electromagnetism. ![]() Augustine and Charlton (1986) have shown that the cooperative aspect of calcium's involvement in neuromuscular transmission likely does not take place at the presynaptic areas of transmission, but rather that… Later research into the same basic phenomenon has yielded still greater understanding of the mechanism by which calcium achieves its purposed ends in neuromuscular transmission. Specifically, these researchers noted a logarithmic scale that described the relationship between calcium ion concentration and the level of neuromuscular activity taking place during a given activation cycle that suggests the fourth power of calcium concentration is equal to action at the junction (Dodge & ahamimoff, 1967). It had been hypothesized that the release of four calcium ions is necessary for the release of one acetylcholine packet (which is necessary for the neuromuscular communication taking place at the neuromuscular junction), and thus that calcium has a cooperative impact on neuromuscular transmissions (Dodge & ahamimoff, 1967). This paper examines the characteristics of a learning organization, barriers to change, and some of the elements that must be present in order to bring about organizational change.Ĭharacteristics of a Learning OrganizationĪ "big picture" organizational point-of-view, a supportive organizational culture and a common understanding and agreement of organizational goals are elements necessary for the creation and maintenance of… ![]() In order for an organization to keep up in an ever evolving world it must learn and change accordingly. obbins and Judge (2010) note that most organizations have developed practices and procedures over an extended period and being based on behaviors to which employees are strongly committed are by and large stable. The reasons for this are varied and the process of identifying them can be difficult. ![]() Change is often resisted at both the individual and organizational levels despite the potential for positive outcomes. ![]()
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